1. Onye na-emepụta ihe na-eji njirimara nwere ike nke onye na-ahụ maka ihe anya na-ebunye onye na-ahụ maka ihe anya na-enweghị ìhè, nke mere na a na-ekpuchi elu ya n'otu n'otu, na mgbe ahụ site na ụkpụrụ nke ihe ngosi anya, a na-ese onyinyo mbụ na onye na-ahụ maka anya.

2. A naghị amụba akụkụ ihe oyiyi ahụ, ya mere, elu nke onye na-eduzi ọkụ ka nwere ụgwọ, ebe ebe na-enweghị ihe oyiyi na-enwu, ya mere, ụgwọ ahụ dị n'elu nke ọkụ ọkụ na-agafe na ala nke mkpụrụ, nke mere na Ụgwọ n'elu na-apụ n'anya, si otú ahụ na-akpụ ihe oyiyi electrostatic latent.

3. Site n'ụkpụrụ nke electrostatic, a na-eji toner na-enweghị ụgwọ polarity na-agbanwe agbanwe iji gbanwee ihe oyiyi eletrọnịkị latent dị n'elu onye na-eduzi anya n'ime ihe oyiyi toner n'elu nke onye nduzi anya. Site na ụkpụrụ nke electrostatic, a na-ebufe ihe oyiyi toner dị n'elu nke onye na-ahụ maka anya anya n'elu akwụkwọ mpempe akwụkwọ iji mezue usoro bụ isi nke iṅomi.